Articles
Neutral, dated analysis and explainers across Iran’s markets.
EducationalEarnings Per Share (EPS) and Price-to-Earnings (P/E): What They Are and How to Read Them
This lesson explains how earnings per share (EPS) and the price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio are calculated, the difference between the trailing and forward versions, what "adjustment" means, and why in Iran's inflationary economy a low P/E does not always mean a cheap stock.
EducationalTEDPIX vs the Equal-Weight Index: What Sets Them Apart and Why They Diverge
Learn what the Tehran Stock Exchange's overall index (TEDPIX) and its equal-weight index each measure, why one can turn green while the other stays red, and what a divergence between them signals about market breadth and real-money (retail) inflows. A labelled hypothetical shows how an index can rise while most stocks fall.
EducationalRisk and Return: How Are They Related, and Which Risks Threaten a Household's Savings?
Asset Allocation in Iran's Inflationary Economy: A Professional Framework for Building and Rebalancing a Portfolio
Asset allocation, not stock picking, explains most of a portfolio's return variability, yet the standard models assume what Iran lacks: a true risk-free asset and single-digit inflation. This article rewrites the framework for Iran's market: the shared currency anchor and false diversification, real versus nominal return, the true role of each asset class, and rebalancing rules where there are neither hedging instruments nor uniform liquidity.
EducationalWhat Is an Investment Fund? Fixed-Income, Equity, Balanced, Gold Funds and ETFs Explained
What is an investment fund, and how does it differ from buying shares or gold directly? This lesson explains the main fund types (fixed-income, equity, balanced and gold), what NAV (Net Asset Value) means, and how an exchange-traded fund (ETF) differs from an issuance-and-redemption fund, with simple worked examples.
EducationalIran's Multiple Exchange Rates: Why Is There More Than One Dollar Price?
Learn why one dollar has several prices in Iran: we separate the free-market rate, the Exchange Center rate, and the preferential rate, say who each rate is for, and use a hypothetical worked example plus dated real figures to show what the gap between them means.
Educational