Codal Financial Statements

How to Read a Financial Statement in 5 Minutes: A Practical Guide to Codal Reports

Codal is full of numbers, but only six of them are decisive: operating revenue, gross profit, operating profit, net profit and EPS, accumulated losses, and operating cash flow. A step by step guide to reading a listed company's income statement, with real examples from Saipa and Iran Khodro, and measured against the 61% annual inflation rate for the year to Tir 1405 (June/July 2026).